workqueue: improve destroy_workqueue() debuggability

Now that the worklist is global, having works pending after wq
destruction can easily lead to oops and destroy_workqueue() have
several BUG_ON()s to catch these cases.  Unfortunately, BUG_ON()
doesn't tell much about how the work became pending after the final
flush_workqueue().

This patch adds WQ_DYING which is set before the final flush begins.
If a work is requested to be queued on a dying workqueue,
WARN_ON_ONCE() is triggered and the request is ignored.  This clearly
indicates which caller is trying to queue a work on a dying workqueue
and keeps the system working in most cases.

Locking rule comment is updated such that the 'I' rule includes
modifying the field from destruction path.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>

include/linux/workqueue.h

@@ -241,6 +241,8 @@ enum {
 	WQ_HIGHPRI		= 1 << 4, /* high priority */
 	WQ_CPU_INTENSIVE	= 1 << 5, /* cpu instensive workqueue */
 
+	WQ_DYING		= 1 << 6, /* internal: workqueue is dying */
+
 	WQ_MAX_ACTIVE		= 512,	  /* I like 512, better ideas? */
 	WQ_MAX_UNBOUND_PER_CPU	= 4,	  /* 4 * #cpus for unbound wq */
 	WQ_DFL_ACTIVE		= WQ_MAX_ACTIVE / 2,

kernel/workqueue.c

@@ -87,7 +87,8 @@ enum {
 /*
  * Structure fields follow one of the following exclusion rules.
  *
- * I: Set during initialization and read-only afterwards.
+ * I: Modifiable by initialization/destruction paths and read-only for
+ *    everyone else.
  *
  * P: Preemption protected.  Disabling preemption is enough and should
  *    only be modified and accessed from the local cpu.
@@ -944,6 +945,9 @@ static void __queue_work(unsigned int cpu, struct workqueue_struct *wq,
 
 	debug_work_activate(work);
 
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(wq->flags & WQ_DYING))
+		return;
+
 	/* determine gcwq to use */
 	if (!(wq->flags & WQ_UNBOUND)) {
 		struct global_cwq *last_gcwq;
@@ -2828,6 +2832,7 @@ void destroy_workqueue(struct workqueue_struct *wq)
 {
 	unsigned int cpu;
 
+	wq->flags |= WQ_DYING;
 	flush_workqueue(wq);
 
 	/*